Virtual modelling

Simulation:

Advantages	Disadvantages
Allows for testing and visualising designs before physical production Provides immersive experiences for product testing, such as VR environments Helps identify potential issues early in the development process	Can be expensive to set up and maintain May not perfectly replicate real-world conditions Requires specialized software and hardware for effective use

Uses: VR headsets for design testing, automotive simulations, architectural walkthroughs

Finite Element Analysis (FEA): FEA is a computer run numerical method used to predict how an object/structure will behave under given conditions (e.g. loads and stresses). It can be used to find weak spots in designs and points of failure.

Finite Element Analysis (FEA):

Advantages	Disadvantages
Provides detailed insight into stress, strain, and deformation Can simulate complex structures and loading conditions Improves design accuracy and reduces physical testing	Requires significant computational resources Model setup can be time-consuming and complex Results can be sensitive to input assumptions and boundary conditions

Uses: Structural analysis, thermal analysis, vibration analysis, product design

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD): CFD is a computer run numerical method used to study how steady and unsteady fluids (e.g. Gas and Liquids) flow over objects. It is often used for aerodynamic study.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD):

Advantages	Disadvantages
Provides detailed flow analysis for complex geometries Helps optimise designs for fluid flow and heat transfer Reduces the need for costly physical testing	Requires high computational power and resources Model setup and simulations can be time-consuming Results depend on accurate input data and boundary conditions

Uses: Airflow simulations, heat transfer analysis, fluid flow optimisation, automotive design

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