Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) and rapid prototyping


What is Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM)?

  • Automated machinery that is controlled by software to manufacture physical parts
  • CAM uses Computer Numerical Control (CNC) and CAD files to generate 3D tool paths for the machinery to follow
  • CAM machines include laser cutters, embroidery machines, CNC milling machines, routers and lathes
  • CAM software:

    Advantages Disadvantages
    • Very accurate/eliminates human error
    • Repetitive accuracy
    • Save and reload drawings to suit demand
    • High speed/can run 24/7
    • Reduced labour costs
    • Increased health and safety due to machines covering dangerous human jobs
    • High set up costs
    • Training people to use/fix CNC machines can be difficult
    • Workers being replaced by machines leads to low worker moral
    • High skilled engineers need to be employed to fix comples machines - expensives
    • Can't detect faults easily



    CNC machines:

    There are many different types of CNC machines:

    • Laser Cutting: Uses a high-powered laser to cut or engrave materials with precision.
    • Routing: A CNC router moves a spinning cutting tool to carve and shape materials like wood, plastic, and metal.
    • Milling: A rotating cutting tool removes material to create complex shapes and features.
    • Turning: Involves rotating the workpiece while a cutting tool removes material, commonly used for cylindrical parts.
    • Plotter Cutting: Uses a blade or laser to cut materials like paper, vinyl, and fabric for signage and packaging.
    Advantages Disadvantages
    • Can run 24/7
    • Designs can be manufactured many times
    • Less skilled employees needed
    • CNC machine can be improved through software updates
    • Reduced labour costs
    • Repeatable accuracy
    • High set up costs
    • Increased unemployment
    • Old skills lost



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