Iterative design process

Designing to Meet Needs, Wants, or Values

Focuses on aligning design solutions with user requirements, preferences, and ethical considerations.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Enhances user satisfaction Promotes inclusivity Aligns with ethical standards	Time-consuming research Potential conflicting priorities

Examples: Customizable products, accessibility features

Investigations Using Primary/Secondary Data

Methods to gather insights informing design decisions:

Method	Description	Advantages	Disadvantages
Market Research	Analyzing competitors and consumer trends	Identifies market gaps	Costly and time-intensive
Interviews	Direct user feedback collection	Detailed qualitative data	Small sample size
Human Factors	Studying ergonomics and usability	Improves safety/comfort	Requires expert input
Focus Groups	Group discussions for feedback	Diverse perspectives	Groupthink risks
Product Analysis	Evaluating existing products	Identifies strengths/weaknesses	May limit innovation

Anthropometrics & Ergonomics:

Anthropometric Data and Percentiles

Applying body measurements to ensure ergonomic fit for target users.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Accommodates diverse body sizes Reduces injury risks	Data may lack inclusivity Requires regular updates

Examples: Adjustable office chairs, vehicle cockpit designs

Ergonomic Data

Optimising designs for human comfort, efficiency, and safety.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Enhances usability Reduces physical strain	May increase production costs Requires iterative testing

Examples: Ergonomic keyboards, tool handle grips

Development of Design Proposal

Creating a detailed plan outlining specifications, materials, and user benefits.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Provides clear direction Facilitates stakeholder communication	Time-consuming revisions May limit flexibility

Examples: CAD models, technical drawings

Prototype Planning and Manufacture

Building a physical/digital model to test functionality and user interaction.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Identifies production issues Validates design feasibility	High material/time costs May require multiple iterations

Examples: 3D-printed models, mock-ups

Prototype Evaluation

Testing and refining prototypes based on user feedback and performance data.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Improves final product quality Reduces long-term costs	Prolongs development timeline Requires user involvement

Examples: User trials, stress-testing reports

Topic test:

Interactive flashcards: